Combined effects of earthworms and biochar on PAHs-contaminated soil remediation: A review

• Earthworm remove PAHs from soil by bioaccumulation and stimulating microbial degradation. Biochar can adsorb promote degradation in soil. improve the adsorption process of biochar bioturbation. reduce vermiaccumulation decomposition earthworm. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) pose a threat to health humans other organisms due their persistence. The remediation method combined application earthworms has received growing attention owing its effectiveness removal. However, earthworm-biochar interaction influence on not been systematically reviewed. This review focuses PAHs-contaminated soils underlying mechanisms, including adsorption, bioaccumulation, biodegradation. Earthworm-biochar activates functional microorganisms PAHs-degrading earthworm guts, promoting provides theoretical support for soils, points out limitations this method, finally shows prospects future research.